What brought me there? In my work as a transpersonal psychologist, a psychosynthesist, and as director of the PsychoPolitical Peace Institute in New York and Zurich, I gave a series of lectures in Moscow in 1990. Two of the participants were from Georgia. One, the doctor in charge of Bakuriani hospital, spent four weeks in 1991 training with me in New York. During his stay, back in Bakuriani, several people belonging to his ethnic group, Ossetians, were murdered. I became aware during this crisis of the complexity of the situation. My concern and interest grew and deepened and prompted me to visit him in Georgia three years later after its war.

In August 1994, my first visit took me from fascinating Tbilisi via 18 police roadblocks to Bakuriani in the beautiful Transcaucasian mountains.

In 1986, Bakuriani was a world renowned ski resort where Russian Olympic teams trained. In 1990 it was a desolate village without heat, electricity that was only available maybe a few hours daily after 11:30 pm and drinking water that was polluted when it rained.

The Intourist hotels were closed and behind wired fences. The various ski lifts were falling apart. After the murders in 1991, out of 5000 people, 2000 were left. Bakuriani hospital, once a thriving 26 bed hospital, now had empty shelves, no heat, no warm water, the roof was falling in, no patients could be treated

Food was a scarce commodity. Yet, I was treated with true Georgian hospitality and open heart. As the Georgians say "The Guest is the God" and given their best.

What I encountered on my first visit in 1994 touched me deeply: It motivated me to initiate a three year project in the village of Bakuriani. I asked myself the following questions:

• How do you assist a village collective to get out of a depression?
• How do you catalyze empowerment in a collective which was disempowered (communist system) for so many years?
• How do you motivate a paralyzed and traumatized collective to take responsibility for both its past trauma and its future?
• How do you initiate self help, both psychological and material, based on individual empowerment?
• How do you do all this within a transpersonal framework?

There were many more questions. First of all I needed to explore and assess my personal motivation. After deeply questioning within, I came up with the following:

1. I would like to develop a case example for "Psychology of Nations," a new psychological approach (I am developing over the past years) to view nations and humanity as a whole.
2. I believed that the villagers of Bakuriani could be brought out of an emotional depression, that individual and collective growth could be motivated and initiated.
3. A deep connection with my Georgian friends, their family, and their life.
4. A great challenge to allow this project to grow, remaining faithful to the principles of the empowerment of the participants (both the receiver/giver in Georgia and us, the initiating giver/receiver). All of us givers/receivers would be in for a great learning and growth process.
5. Flashbacks, déja vu, while in Bakuriani on a past life in the 12th century in this country and with this group of people.

I then presented the idea and the basic psychological concept to students and colleagues, many of whom participated and supported the idea of a psychopolitical action project.

The project then was scheduled over a period of three years and followed these underlying guidelines:

1. Provide information training, material and financial help as well as to support decision making processes.
2. To empower the individual and community to take charge, initiate and catalyze impulses for self help.
3. To offer a transpersonal approach to existing ethnic conflicts as well as possibly addressing the collective depression.

It was decided to allow the project to grow organically based on this principles. A time limit was set. The project was to begin in December 1994 and to end the latest in December 1997. It was divided in the following seven phases which corresponded to our regular visits to Bakuriani.

In December 1995 we brought to freezing Bakuriani a list of 270 names which supported and actively participated in bringing the gift of two tons of goods (it seemed a miracle to get the truck, without loosing anything, to its destination).

When we displayed this list, at the first village meeting, the villagers were moved to tears at the idea that 270 people could be interested in their well-being. It seemed to be beyond the realm of their imagination. Thus, hope was awakened. We explained the principles of energetic exchange and emphasized how much involvement and energy had been invested in order to make this phase of the project of bringing mainly winter clothing for children a reality. We made it clear that, from then on, it was up to them to keep the project alive. In response, the women of the village offered to exchange children clothes against hours of work - this labor to be used for such projects as cleaning the river, repairing the school, restoring and painting the hospital, starting a sewing shop.

With our help, a group of ten women opened a "shop" in the only part of the school endowed with a stove. They were full of enthusiasm, at once crying and laughing. Never in their life had they seen so many children clothes. The ten women worked as a team, totally respectful of each other.

The clothes distributed, the honeymoon was over. The difficult task of choosing the members of a local project group began. A legal association which would administer the rest of the goods (school supplies, sewing machines, fabric, medication, etc.) had to be created. To align the various conflicting interest groups with the goal of our project empowerment), was a painful process. This endeavour was finally achieved shortly before our departure. The main intention can be worded as follows:

The aim of the association is the empowerment of the collective as well as that of the individuals, and the support of self-help projects. All the material goods received or developed by the association are to be also made available to people who are badly off, in exchange of hours of work.

We should remember that all of the above took place in a village covered by snow, with no heating system whatsoever, with electricity only sometimes available - miraculously - part of certain nights where the temperature would regularly go down to -10·C, but where a never ending heartfelt Georgian hospitality provided us with inner warmth.

Review: What was initiated ?

• 270 people from Switzerland, Germany and the USA co-sponsored the first phase of the project, with money, materials and equipment, and hours of work.
• The first shipment - 2 tons, 112 packages, valued at US $30,000 - arrived complete in Bakuriani. We were told it was a miracle that nothing was missing.
• Due to the exchange system set up, a capital of 1000 days of work was now available in the village for future projects.
• "Tara," the project group, was originated, its members nominated, and its legal form as a charitable organisation set up.
• Nona, a 24 year old woman, was granted a scholarship and an official invitation for a one year social work internship in Germany. Upon her return to Bakuriani she will take care of its youth.

Psychological perspectives

• The Bakuriani population was deeply touched and moved.
• Emotional support as well as go ahead were granted by government officials in Tbilisi and by local business people.
• The "Tara" project group was empowered and future activities were initiated.
• A thank you letter from Bakuriani was signed by 450 villagers (in Georgian, available upon request).
• A women team, respectful of each other, who developed trust during the clothes distribution, was created.

What is planned to take place in Bakuriani until April 1995>

• Three rooms of the local hospital will be repaired and painted, to be used for the distribution of medication and the providing of medical services - activity will begin as soon as work is completed.
• A place has to made available for the sewing shop to be installed and for production to begin.
• A committee of eight members is to administer the school supplies, sewing machines, fabrics and medication until April 1995.
• At the school, (in approximately 3 months, since building is not heated), distribution of school supplies against hours of work will begin.

What is needed to enter phase two of the project, in April 1995: What kind of support does Bakuriani need from us?

• Baby food
• An electric generator to secure part-time electricity supply in the hospital
• An X-ray machine
• Carpentry tools
• Financing for small business loans
• Basic training in small business administration

Our learning

• Our continued presence and support through material, financial and/or psychological means
• Our acceptance of disbelief, doubts and resistance in the village

After a strenuous four-hour drive from Tbilisi, it was a relief to be welcomed by the beautiful landscape of Bakuriani. Bathed in sunshine it reflected the warmth of my heart, as I returned to this special place.

The "Tara" Committee received me in their new office. This large space, donated by a local businessperson, was furnished with chairs and tables. "Tara's" headquarter. I was informed that all legalities concerning the formation of "Tara" as a non profit charitable organization were settled.

On the walls and tables was an exhibit of handicrafts fashioned from wool and materials of our last shipment. Thirty people were waiting for my reaction. I was deeply moved by what I saw and cried. The women expressed great pride and joy in their work and how they lovingly decorated the space. I was told about the various activities the "Tara" Center had initiated, such as a skiing competition for children. The prices awarded were toys we had donated.

The following days were filled with negotiations and visits. At the hospital, where four rooms were newly painted, lamps installed, I witnessed an emergency. A little girl was brought in. For the first time in four years, a patient was treated in the hospital. The meeting with the members of "Tara" brought many discussions and suggestions about how taking on responsibilities and self-help could be initiated. Among other projects, they initiated a competition in the village for the ten best ideas on how to increase local food production regarding the delivery and distribution of the supplies. In August, the ten best ideas will receive a small credit and material support to realize them. I informed the committee that the second truck, put together with a lot of care and dedication in March, had an accident while en route. Their first reaction was, what happened to the driver? The driver was unharmed.

I was told by the committee, that handing out goods, like we did last time caused discontent in the village. It would be much better if people had to pay or barter. The committee established what was most needed in the village, they decided the greatest needs were health care and food production. They discussed possibilities of manufacturing cheese. I left Bakuriani (there was no running water during my stay) with a feeling of deep gratitude. Something very fundamental had taken place. The joy and Self empowerment seen in the activities was impressive.

Review: December 1994 to April 1995

• "Tara" project group has become a legal, non profit organization.
• Exhibit and sale of handicrafts at the "Tara" Center.
• Four rooms were painted at the hospital, medication supplied, emergencies can be treated again.
• Nona Zakadze training and practicum as a socialworker will start September 1995 in Germany.
• Our second truck load to Bakuriani had an accident on its way; the project is continued without these supplies.

Psychological Processes

• The work progresses joyfully and enthusiasticly (empowerment and self worth through achievement).
• Food production and healthcare are designated as priority areas for assistance and development (taking on responsibilities).
• It was emphasized that giving material help caused discontent in the village. Assistance to self help is preferred.

Preview for Bakuriani until August 1995

• A competition is launched to find the ten best ideas to increase food production. Small business loans and support will be provided for the winners (Trickle up program).
• Four rooms at the school will be painted, a minimum of 30 trees planted, river cleaning, put up swings at the kindergarden (with working hours accumulated in December).
• "Tara" Center will host several activities, youth disco, etc.
• Preparation for a four day seminar by Willi Haller in August on basics: How to build small businesses.

Our work until August 1995

• To furnish dentist, pediatrician emergency treatment center. Equipment is available.
• Financing the trip of Willi Haller to Bakuriani (the seminar on basics economics is his contribution).
• Find cheese making equipment. Training one person to teach Swiss cheese making in Bakuriani.
• Find a machine to produce sausages.
• Ice-cream maker and megaphone for children activities at the center.
• Radio for youth disco (tapes, radio, records are available).
• Computer equipment.

Our learning

• "We like to give, it makes us feel good."
  How do we give, to make us feel good or to truly empower the other to self-help?
• The truck which overturned with all the goods collected caused major re-evaluation and reflections on the underlying principles of the project.
• Align our help, financial and material, with what is truly needed to support self help and empowerment.

The committee members of Tara Association awaited us and we discussed the most important issues and plans for the following week. All social activities the Tara Center organized for the community had full support and participation. The committee was facing many challenges. One of the programs to be implemented by the group was the "Trickle Up" project which offers small business loans. We require that loan applicants submit a business plan. Since this is a new process, the committee needed support in handling this issue.

The committee members also wanted to learn more about communication and empowerment. This led to deep psychological processes within the committee and to various meetings: a village meeting, a special men's meeting, open forum to discuss possible projects, detailed introduction to the trickle up program and process. This resulted in the presentation and clarification of various projects being presently realized. The processes involved were very complex and multidimensional. Each project is based on psychological principles and involves different processes.

The following example of the health care center shows some of these:

• The heart of "Tara" (Healing a Collective) is composed of the law of empowerment and self help. All projects or activities are based on empowerment and self help.
• A half-year ago, the project of a private health care center was discussed as a model for implementing principles of empowerment and self-help. How can it be implemented based in the principles of empowerment and self-help?
• Three doctors, a traumatologist, a pediatrician and a dentist faced each other for the first time and with our guidance began to develop an interpersonal relationship and trust to embrace a vision of a health care center. The three doctors, two men and woman, are of different ethnic background: Azerbaijan, Ossetia and Georgia. With our assistance they learned to communicate and build a team.
• The team created its vision of a health care center. Each doctor will have his private office. X-rays, electrocardiogram, bloodtesting laboratory, sterilisation and a small surgial ward will be used jointly. It is planned to have a gynecologist visit once a week and to establish a pharmacy with local plants.
• Our specialist for economy assisted the team to create a realistic business plan, including projected profit and loss statements and corresponding details, such as the economic and financial structures. For operating expenses during the first four months, the repair of the roof and the heating, a loan has to be found.
• Upon completion a contract was signed with each other.
• A floor plan will be developed where the equipment, already on its way, will be placed.
• Further negotiations are required to facilitate communication within the team and allow the space for possible changes.
• We estimate that the healthcare center will be operating partially in December 1995 and fully in April 1996. In 1997 it should be fully self-supporting.

This last December 1995, Bakuriani was blessed by a brilliant sunshine, clear blue skies and beautiful - and abundant - snow. Electricity worked sporadically, with long periods in between. The village felt much more vibrant and alive than it had felt the previous year, upon our first visit. The rampant depression we had previously felt seemed to have subsided, possibly due - we were told - to the fact that various Mafia leaders had been incarcerated by president Shevardnadze.

Our activities, during our December visit, included: several meetings with the TARA Committee; follow-up of the trickle-up program; school visits; supporting the rebuilding of a presently small tourist business; unpacking, inventory and testing of the hospital equipment which arrived in the meantime; working with the doctors, as a team; discussions on roof repairs, heating system and water pipes for the hospital; supporting the youth sports team; psychological processes with a group of villagers on self-help and empowerment.

At this point, our greatest challenge is to repair, furnish and start the operation of the health-care center. During its transport to Georgia, some of the equipment was damaged and some of it even disappeared. Their replacement or repair is costly and time consuming. Moreover, the operating instructions have to be translated into Georgian, the doctors have to be familiarized with the equipment, and the villagers need education in order to switch from a minimally functioning, but free, public system, to a private health-care system one must pay for.

Where do we stand at this time?

• Nona Zakadse received her visa to Germany where she will begin, in January 1996, a one-year professional training in social work.
• Tamriko Mikaiberidze will begin a cheese-making training in Appenzell, Switzerland with the idea of eventually producing this cheese in Georgia.
• Nugzar Djoev received his American visa and will begin a one-year intensive training in Shiatsu with Ohashi in New York.
• Two of the doctors, a dentist and a surgeon, are invited to Switzerland in Spring 1996 to familiarize themselves with new techniques.
• Contacts are established with Swiss Ski Clubs to begin an exchange (Bakuriani has great skiing opportunities).
• First and foremost: raising funds - approximately US$10'000 - for the health-care center.

What does the TARA Committee do?

• A list of all rooms available for rent in private homes and of all pensions has been prepared and passed on to travel agencies.
• A description of Bakuriani, emphasizing its most famous Olympic team participants winners and its beautiful botanical garden was made available.
• A brochure on Bakuriani, in German, was planned in cooperation with the Botanical Institute.
• The Committee will prepare and make all necessary arrangements for the workshop on preventive tooth-care given by our specialist in April 1996.
• The Committee will also prepare the workshop for Health Nutrition given in April by the internist of the health care center.

Psychological Perspectives

• The training in communication has shown considerable success within the TARA Committee.
• The principles of empowerment are becoming more ingrained.
• With new ideas and new initiatives being born, as well as the general political climate, the collective depression in the village seems to be lifting; the village is "in motion" again.

Our learning

• "You do need specialists if you wish to furnish a hospital." How innocent we were to begin such an enterprise.

During our April visit to Bakuriani, we mainly focused on the Bakuriani Health Care Center. Our team of four worked intensely with the doctors and nurses to get it ready to receive patients.

The old hospital, now the health care center, is now equipped with a surgery table, gynecological chair, an X-ray machine, an electro-cardiograph, dental unit and supplied with basic pharmaceutical products. Our team worked at installing the equipment after having repaired it.

As of today, the health care center can provide for its patients among other services:

• minor surgical care
• sew and dress wounds
• physiotherapy with sound equipment
• basic gynecological care
• dental care
• simple laboratory tests
• take X-rays
• sterilize equipment

Since our first visit 1_ years ago, huge progress has been accomplished. At that time, the hospital had been closed for over two years and could take no patients nor treat any.

As a part of "Tara" education programs, teachers and parents were instructed in tooth care and prevention. With the assistance of the health care center dentist, several classes were taught at school. Teachers and dentists are now ready to teach dental care and prevention to all classes of the school.

The "Tara" committee discussed, over several meetings, the distribution and use of the goods arrived in April by truck. War invalids and orphans were each given a pair of shoes. The local youth ski club which trains Bakuriani's promising skiers received 30 pairs of skis which are given to the training youth.

A meeting with the Governor of the region gave us the opportunity to introduce to him, in detail, our project. He assured us of his unconditional support.

What will happen in Bakuriani from now till August 1996?

• The dentist will teach courses in preventive tooth care to all classes of the school, starting with kindergarden. "Tara" will distribute, free of charge, tooth brushes and toothpaste.
• The gynecologist will offer consultations in the surrounding villages.
• We will start to repair and install a new waterpipe system at the health care center. The roof of the health care center is in dire need of repair (these last two items will necessitate an additional amount of US$10,000).
• Tamriko is back from Switzerland where she completed her cheese-making apprenticeship. She is ready to start producing bacteria cultures and determine acidic content to make the first mountain cheese in the coming months.

What will happen in Switzerland from now till August 1996?

• Larissa, Bakuriani's dentist, will receive training in a Swiss dental clinic for a period of six weeks.
• Andrey, the doctor and surgeon in charge of the health care center will train in a small Swiss hospital for a period of six weeks, familiarizing himself with Western approaches.
• We will find spares for sterilizers and other equipment to be sent to Bakuriani.
• Setting-up and developing a youth program for Bakuriani with Nona Zakadze who is presently training in Social Work in Germany.

• The members of the "Tara" committee organizing, with great success, the tooth prevention campaign.
• The support and assistance by the committee members was, for the first time, spontaneous. Cooperation took place without great discussions.
• For the first time, during a committee meeting, the 1991 events (local conflicts) were addressed and the committee showed readiness to talk about with this issue.

Future plans

• To train the health care center staff in public relations and communications with their clients and patients.
• Organize a public relation campaign to familiarize the villagers with the new health care available to them as well as its cost (remembering that up till now health care was free of charge to them).
• Rebuild the entrance and the toilets at the health care center.

• Our speed and energy input is too fast for the committee, and yet it catalyzes many.
• Most peoples in the village are not willing to support community building and activities. They do not want to take on responsibilities.

Bakurani (1800 m) was nestled in deep fog. During this summer season four hotels were reopened. During winter there is a lack of heat and electricity. After a first meeting with the "Tara" committee, Tamriko (having completed her Swiss cheese making training four months ago) served us the first homemade Bakurani cheese. The taste resembled that of a good Swiss mountain cheese. We picked the one to be produced in the future. It hat ripened for four months. The local hotel owners were also invited to taste the cheese. The cheese market in Bakurani seems to have a great potential to expand.

Vassiko, a "Tara" committee member, with financial help of the "Trickle up Program." has installed a small limonade production in his basement. He uses homemade pear juice. We tasted and approved of the limonade, suggesting to use less sugar in it.

Larissa, the healthcare dentist, returned from her training in Switzerland a few weeks ago. She has been very much in demand for tooth repair as well as for presentations on her journey to Switzerland.

One part of our work was focused on the "Healthcare Center," the old hospital. We had brought spares for various pieces of equipment. Even more important were the various meetings and discussions with the healthcare department in the capital of the region. We became aware of how our perspectives of a private healthcare center differed from theirs. Many more negotiations will be needed to create a legal base for it. A meeting with the governor and parliament member of the region proved to be fruitful. Other difficult negotiations in Tbilisi with the respective authorities led to a prolongation of "Tara"s free lease which expired in August.

During a village meeting in Bakuriani, we discussed the two last years of the project's implementation. The villages were made aware that the end of the own project will be the summer 1997.

The planned youth project, which will be headed by Nona Zakadse, upon her return from her training in Germany in March 1997, was discussed and possible means of support were suggested.

Psychological perspectives

• "Tara" committee can work independently and now generate its own ideas about its future.
• Larissa and Tamriko, having received a training in Switzerland, feel empowered to try out new ideas and activities in the village.

Future plans

• Gather financial support for our youth project in Bakuriani, where youth will envision their future and translate the vision into action projects.
• Find a partner village for Bakuriani.
• Repair the old hospital, now the healthcare center building.

Our learning

• A strong confrontation with the local mayor, wanting to personally profit and decide where the money should go, leads to open resistance and sabotaging of the project. The project is accused of being the Mafia and exploiting the village.
• To stand firmly with compassion facing and allowing the resistance.

In this present phase of the project, the emphasis is on skill-development training and inter-cultural exchange. Currently, five Georgians from Bakuriani are concluding their individual training in Switzerland, Germany and the United States. They are:

1. Tamriko concluded her Swiss cheesemaking apprenticeship and is now producing a mountain cheese in Bakuriani.
2. She was followed by Larissa, the Bakuriani dentist who enthusiastically studied Western methods of dental care in both a Swiss dental clinic and a private practice. As part of the Bakuriani project, her dental office in Georgia was fully furnished and equipped. Thus, she can provide basic dental care - when electricity is working. She is, unfortunately, suffering from a severe hip problem which - if not treated - would force her into a wheel-chair within the next couple of years. A sub-project was created out of this emergency situation: it will make possible the very complex and expensive surgery required. The surgery is scheduled to take place in March 97 in Switzerland. Larissa will thus regain the normal use of her hip for the next 12 to 15 years.
3. Andrey Tedeev, the surgeon responsible for the small Bakuriani hospital and the president in charge of the TARA Association, spent two months in Switzerland as an assistant in a hospital. Working again with colleagues and practicing his surgical skills in a well-equipped hospital represented great healing process and provided him with a new sense of self-worth. The learning was actually mutual. His co-workers were impressed by his integrity and his simplicity. Personal relationships grew out of this. Andrey's learning was aimed at using and applying new techniques in Bakuriani.
4. Nona Zakadze will conclude her one-year training at the Youth Center in Wolfratshausen in Germany on January 29. She visited the President of the TARA Committee in Staefa, and with Andrey discussed her plans and visions for the development of a youth-training program in Bakuriani. Practical questions such as finding an appropriate space, putting carpeting and installing a stove for warming up the place were concretized. So was the psychological support system for Nona.
5. Nugzar Jioev successfully passed his prior-to-last exam at the Ohashi Institute in New York, where he is currently studying Shiatsu (acupressure massage). He is now preparing for the last class and final exam. His return to Georgia is scheduled for the end of March 1997.

Psychological perspectives

• Because of their warmth, their receptivity, their open-mindedness and communicativeness, as well as their willingness to learn, each of our Georgian guests left a deep impression on their hosts and working partners.
• Through these individual contacts we were able to present on several occasions the video on the Bakuriani project. The effect of these screenings was a deeper interest in the project as the viewers became aware of the situation in Bakuriani.
• Tamriko (cheese), Larissa (teeth), Nona (youth), Andrey (surgeon), and Nugzar (Shiatsu) all got very well adapted to foreign countries, learning to communicate in languages foreign to them and getting accustomed to different cultural habits and behaviors.
• The growth process which could take place as in effect of these exchanges is mutual. All people involved in the project - Georgians, Germans, Swiss, and Americans - greatly profited from these experiences.

Future plans for the next five months

• Focus is on the youth project. Psychological, financial, and material support for Nona Zakadze and her planned activities.
• Gathering all possible information in order to establish a final report on the project, its psychological - and other - impact on the Bakuriani population at large.
• To support the TARA Committee - especially psychologically - in its continuing efforts and endeavours with the Bakurinai local population and help it in its growth.
• We are planning to officially conclude the project in August after Nugzar completes his final exam in New York.

Our learning

• The benefits of such a project are so manifold, involving many crosscultural exchanges, individual bonds growing, relationships building on both sides, the Bakuriani and the initiator's side, as well as exchanging cooking recepies.

The Project was officially concluded in August 1997, after an additional subproject emerged organically. Larissa, our Bakuriani dentist, needed urgently a complex hip surgery (on both sides). The money and support flowed together effortless. Larissa has had surgery on both hips and legs (one leg was lengthened two and a half inches) in April 1997 in Switzerland. After a two month stay, she returned to Bakuriani with a new lease on life.

The organization of her stay in Switzerland, the emotional care, and the financial support were provided by many people. Her encounters with others created many individual friendships and bonds, which will go on.

The following diagram highlights the various projects which were planned and/or developed within the framework of ,Healing a Collective."

I do believe that this prototype of a Psychopolitical Action Project, with compassion at its heart, and the psychological principles of empowerment and self help, combined with direct action, financial and material help, and skills training is effective in transforming and catalyzing a depressed group.

Two statistical surveys were conducted during this time period of the (1 Million US$) project, one in 1994 and one after conclusion in August 1997. The results will be included in the report:

Psychology of Nations, a Case Example: Indepth Psychological Assessment of the Collective Unconscious in the Village of Bakuriani in the Republic of Georgia, PPPI Project 1994-1997 (available upon request for a fee to cover the costs).

Dr. Margret Rueffler, Ph.D., Dipl. Ac. (NCCA) is the director and founder of the PsychoPolitical Peace Institute in New York, USA, and Staefa, Switzerland. She is currently exploring and developing a new field: Psychology of Nations.

PsychoPolitical Peace Institute, Gehrenhof, CH-8712 Staefa, Switzerland,
fax +41 (0)1 926 8110
e-mail: 106774.1765@compuserve.com
http://www.pppi.net/